Every spring and early summer, many patients seek medical advice for red, irritated and intensely itchy eyes.
Although harmless in most cases, seasonal allergic conjunctivitis can affect visual comfort and daily quality of life.
It is estimated to account for up to 15% of eye-related consultations in general practice. This frequency has been increasing in recent years due to environmental changes and longer pollen seasons. It is very often associated with allergic rhinitis.
An excessive reaction… to invisible particles
The main cause is exposure to airborne pollen. These microscopic particles come into contact with the surface of the eye and trigger, in certain individuals, an excessive immune response.
This reaction leads to the release of histamine, the molecule responsible for the typical symptoms of ocular allergy.
Characteristic symptoms to recognise
- Red eyes
- Significant itching – the most telling symptom
- Clear, watery discharge
Both eyes are usually affected equally. ENT symptoms are frequently associated: sneezing, runny nose and nasal congestion.
Good daily habits
Simple measures can already significantly improve comfort:
- Rinsing the eyes with cold saline solution
- Cold compresses to soothe inflammation
- Avoiding rubbing the eyes
- Artificial tears to keep the eye surface hydrated
Effective and well-tolerated treatments
When simple measures are not enough, medication may be recommended:
- Mast cell stabiliser eye drops (such as cromoglycate): useful for prevention, especially at the start of the season
- Antihistamine eye drops: fast-acting relief from itching
- Multi-action eye drops: combine several mechanisms for better symptom control
- Oral antihistamines: helpful when ENT symptoms are also present
The choice of treatment depends on the severity of symptoms and the patient's profile.
When should you see an ophthalmologist?
Although this condition is benign, a specialist opinion is recommended if:
- Symptoms persist despite treatment
- Discomfort becomes significant
- There is diagnostic uncertainty
A personalised approach helps prevent prolonged episodes and quickly restores visual comfort.